Fusion-bonded epoxy composite coatings on chemically functionalized API steel surfaces for potential deep-water petroleum exploration

Applied Adhesion Science

Table 1 Chemical and mechanical requirements for API 5L X42 PSL2 steel [15]

Chemical composition (%wt)
Carbon, maximum^a	0.22^b–0.24^c
Manganese, maximum^a	1.20
Phosphorus, maximum	0.025
Sulfur, maximum	0.015
Titanium, maximum	0.04
Other^d	By agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer, elements other those listed above may be used
Fe content, balance	Typically >97 %
Carbon equivalent (CE, Pcm), maximum^e	0.25
Carbon equivalent (CE, IIW), maximum^f	0.43
Mechanical properties (MPa)
Yield Strength, minimum	290
Yield Strength, maximum	496
Ultimate tensile strength, minimum	414
Ultimate tensile strength, maximum	748

^aFor each reduction of 0.01 % below the specified maximum carbon content, an increase of 0.05 % above the specified maximum manganese content is permissible, up to a maximum of 1.50 %
^bSeamless
^cWelded
^dNiobium, vanadium, or combinations thereof may be used at the discretion of the manufacturer. The sum of the niobium, vanadium, and titanium contents shall not exceed 0.15 %
^eWhen the carbon content is less than or equal to 0.12 %, the carbon equivalent shall be calculated using the following formula for CE(Pcm) \(CE(Pcm) = C + \frac{Si}{30} + \frac{Mn}{30} + \frac{Cu}{30} + \frac{Ni}{30} + \frac{Cr}{30} + \frac{Mo}{30} + \frac{V}{30} + 5B\)
^fWhen the carbon content is greater than 0.12 %, the carbon equivalent shall be calculated using the following formula for CE(IIW) \(CE(IIW) = C + \frac{Mn}{6} + \frac{(Cr + Mo + V)}{30} + \frac{(Ni + Cu)}{15}\)