Table 2 Properties of the adhesives Araldite^® AV138, Araldite^® 2015 and Sikaforce^® 7752 [27,28,29]

Young’s modulus, E (GPa)

4.89 ± 0.81

1.85 ± 0.21

0.49 ± 0.09

Poisson’s ratio, ν

0.35^a

0.33^a

0.30^a

Tensile yield stress, σ_y (MPa)

36.49 ± 2.47

12.63 ± 0.61

3.24 ± 0.48

Tensile failure strength, σ_f (MPa)

39.45 ± 3.18

21.63 ± 1.61

11.48 ± 0.25

Tensile failure strain, ε_f (%)

1.21 ± 0.10

4.77 ± 0.15

19.18 ± 1.40

Shear modulus, G (GPa)

1.81^b

0.70^b

0.19^b

Shear yield stress, τ_y (MPa)

25.1 ± 0.33

14.6 ± 1.3

5.16 ± 1.14

Shear failure strength, τ_f (MPa)

30.2 ± 0.40

17.9 ± 1.8

10.17 ± 0.64

Shear failure strain, γ_f (%)

7.8 ± 0.7

43.9 ± 3.4

54.82 ± 6.38

G_IC (N/mm)

0.20^c

0.43 ± 0.02

2.36 ± 0.17

G_IIC (N/mm)

0.38^c

4.70 ± 0.34

5.41 ± 0.47